How To Have Safe Sex

Viruses are easily spread by sexual activity. About 100,000 cases of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) – including HIV/AIDS, chlamydia and human papilloma virus – are diagnosed annually in Australia and New Zealand. Also, at least one in five people has a chronic STD, such as herpes, that may demand constant attention by the immune system to ward off outbreaks, which can occur at any time.

Women are highly vulnerable to STDs and their complications (infection, infertility, pregnancy problems, even cancer) because their moist internal anatomy promotes the growth of microbes. These steps can protect you and your partner.

1.    Always use latex or polyurethane condoms during intercourse. Both offer a protective barrier against HIV and other STDs. Avoid sheepskin condoms, which have tiny pores that viruses and bacteria can penetrate. Scrutinize the label before purchasing. It will say if the condom protects against STDs. Always heed the expiry date and even if it hasn’t passed, don’t use a condom if it seems sticky or brittle.

2.    Don’t rely on birth control to protect you from STDs. The pill and injections for contraception offer no protection against them. Diaphragms and cervical caps provide some protection to the cervix, uterus and fallopian tubes, but not the vagina, IUDs may actually increase the risk for contracting STDs and pelvic inflammatory disease because when they’re inserted into the cervical canal, bacteria may be introduced into the uterus and then spread more widely through the reproductive tract.

3.    For safer oral sex, place a dental dam (a latex square used in dental produces) over the genitals. Plastic clingwrap may provide some protection.

4.    Tell for doctor about your sexual history and behaviour and disclose any symptoms as soon as you notice them.

5.    Get tested for STDs, which are often symptomless, before undergoing any surgical produce, especially one involving the reproductive or urinary tracts.

6.    Avoid douches, which can push infectious agents into the upper vaginal tract.

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